What is a Gas Regulator?

Designed in 1835, the regulator's concept is easy, and its impact has been long-lasting. There are various types of regulators, but their function is the same: to use a valve system to control natural gas or propane pressure or other gas flow.

Common appliances that use regulators include gas stoves, propane grills, or oxy-fuel bottles for welding. Each type of regulator’s components consists of a set spring attached to a rod that runs down from a set screw through a diaphragm into the valve.

There are three primary operating components working together to regulate the pressure within the valve. The loading mechanism determines the delivery pressure. Most often, it is a spring. The sensing element, or diaphragm, senses the force against the spring. Finally, the control element accomplishes the reduction of the inlet pressure through to the outlet pressure.

How Does a Gas Regulator Work?

Gas enters the regulator’s chamber, putting pressure on the diaphragm. The diaphragm then moves upward as controlled by the set spring. This allows a specific flow of fuel from the source to the appliance or device. Adjusting the control knob determines the rate of flow and the pressure. Turning clockwise will push the diaphragm down and allow more gas to come into the valve. Turn counter-clockwise to reduce the amount of fuel and pressure.

The mechanics of the gas regulator work well together. However, there is another component that comes into play called the surrounding air. Atmospheric pressure, based on the elevation above sea level that the building sits, will affect gas pressure. The inner parts work by sensing the pressure both upstream and downstream. The air pressure affects the way the regulator senses downstream pressure.

What is the Difference Between Pressure Reduction and Pressure Regulation?

The application between the two types is the main difference. A pressure reduction regulator is used to reduce the input pressure of the gas, so that it is at the ideal pressure on the outset. It is a normally open valve installed upstream of the pressure-sensitive equipment it needs to regulate, as it controls downstream pressure.

What is the Difference Between Pressure Reduction and Pressure Regulation?

The application between the two types is the main difference. A pressure reduction regulator is used to reduce the input pressure of the gas, so that it is at the ideal pressure on the outset. It is a normally open valve installed upstream of the pressure-sensitive equipment it needs to regulate, as it controls downstream pressure.

Pressure regulation is often called a back-pressure regulator or back-pressure valve. Its purpose is to maintain a set pressure at the inlet. It is a normally closed valve and is installed in parallel with or just after sensitive equipment to maintain upstream pressure.

Types of Gas Regulators

The types of regulators are extensive and include appliance, line and service, pilot operated, direct acting, high pressure, back pressure, relief valves, and propane regulators. You can even find specialty items such as high-purity regulators for those unique jobs. At Norgas Controls, you can find the right type of regulator for your specific needs.